Saturday, 25 May 2019

Perspectives and Environment Matter: But B+

If you think this post is about environmental and pollution related issues, you're sorely mistaken. By environment, I mean the surroundings and the things and perspectives to which are exposed to. I happened to chance by an apt illustration of this point. If you notice government offices in Northern India, especially Delhi NCR, you''ll notice them going for a stroll, which is the sarkari way of attempting to negate the guilt of having gobbled up artery-clogging lunch.

One sunny day, after having eaten as if there was no tomorrow, a colleague from Chennai and I, an artless villager, were walking around our office building. Suddenly, we noticed a bush shaking vigorously. What followed were our observations on the cause of the same event:

Colleague: See! Notice how the bush is shaking!

Me: Yeah! There's a chameleon sitting inside and doing this.

Colleague: Thought a couple were sitting behind the bush.ЁЯШЙ

Me: Hey! This is quite common. During summer, animals find shade in the bushes and have a good time doing these things.

Colleague: Its also quite common in cities: just that, couples have a good time in it.

For the same event, we perceived different causes depending on what we have seen in the surroundings we grew up in. ЁЯШБ

The larger point of this silly incident: differences of opinions is quite common because of this. Instead of trying to establish who is right and who is wrong, we probably need to respect each other's life experiences. We also need to understand that our life experience is only selective and give the world the benefit of the doubt. And Be Positive! ЁЯЩПЁЯдШ 

Sunday, 12 May 2019

родீроироЯ்рокு (Harmful friendship): Thirukkural

There is a trend in Tamil films to say, "there is nothing called as bad friendship". The problem with such empty statements is that some people believe these to be gospel truth. More often than not such statements justify negative mindset and habits such as alcoholism.

There is something called as bad friendship or as Thiruvalluvar called it, "harmful friendship". Before going into Thirukkural, I'd like to narrate an incident that happened in the early 2000s when I was a college student. Three of us friends were sitting home when one of my friends (F1) was teasing the other (F2) of a bad habit. I was observing these two and F1 made an extraordinarily valid point, pertinent to this post: 

F2: Who are you to ask about my personal things or habits?
F1: Why shouldn't I ask?
F2: That's none of your business!
F1: You cannot brush away things like that. I am your friend and I am duty-bound to ensure that I am honest with what I feel about what you do. 
F2: You may feel about so many things. That doesn't mean that I should do what you feel like.
F1: I agree. But it is my duty as a friend to point out when I feel you are erring. Of course, it is up to you to take it. Friendship is not only about enjoying but taking the best efforts so that my friend can be a better human being. My friendship with you should elevate you and not bring you down. 

What F1, my friend said, is still fresh in my mind. This is exactly what demands of a good friend. Conversely, a person with questionable character who purports to be a friend is no friend at all. Thiruvalluvars Kural penned several centuries back says this:

родீроироЯ்рокு  (Harmful friendship) (роЕродிроХாро░роо்  82)

811. рокро░ுроХுро╡ாро░் рокோро▓ிройுроо் рокрог்рокுроЗро▓ாро░் роХேрог்рооை
рокெро░ுроХро▓ிрой் роХுрой்ро▒ро▓் роЗройிродு.

This roughly means: Even if a person cherishes his friendship with you, it is better to avoid him if he is of bad character. 

рокро░ுроХுро╡ாро░் рокோро▓ிройுроо்:  (figuratively) those who cherish another's company. (literally) "those who will devour you with affection" [GU Pope et al, Lexicon & Concordance: The Sacred 'Kural' of Thiruvalluva-Nayanar (1886), p. 58]  
рокрог்рокுроЗро▓ாро░் роХேрог்рооை: friendship with persons of questionable character
рокெро░ுроХро▓ிрой்: Instead of increasing
роХுрой்ро▒ро▓்: decreasing 
роЗройிродு: better

Parimelazhagar's commentary on this Kural reads: "роХாродро▓் рооிроХுродிропாро▓் рокро░ுроХுро╡ро░் рокோрой்ро▒ாро░ாропிройுроо் родீроХ்роХுрогроо் роЙроЯைропாро░் роироЯ்рокு, ро╡ро░ро▓்родро│ிрой் родேроп்родро▓் роирой்ро▒ு".

Therefore, the sacred duty of a friend is to elevate his friend and not bring him down. While it might be fashionable to say, "there is nothing called bad friendship", it is undoubtedly true that a person spoils you is no friend at all. 

Saturday, 4 May 2019

Vegetarianism and Tirukkural

Tirukkural, the great secular bible, one of the most translated works in the world, and Tamilnadu's jewel has many chapters (роЕродிроХாро░роЩ்роХро│்). Tirukkural is a universally praised work and we Tamils take real pride in reciting it. But the question is: do we follow it or even attempt to? The answer is a big big no. 

We Tamils, especially, politicians and teachers are fond of quoting Tirukkural. I am sure no one in the extant political climate would dare to quote from Chapter 26 of Tirukkural. It is on abjuring flesh meat (рокுро▓ாро▓் рооро▒ுрод்родாро▓்). One hardly finds any specific mention of it in public discourse. Hence, this post. The chapter, like other chapters in the Kural, contains ten aphorisms (251 to 260), which are given below along with the translation of Drew & Lazarus (DL) and J. Narayanasamy (JN):

251. родрой்ройூрой் рокெро░ுроХ்роХро▒்роХுрод் родாрой்рокிро▒ிродு роКройுрог்рокாрой்
роОроЩ்роЩройроо் роЖро│ுроо் роЕро░ுро│்.
DL: How can he be possessed of kindness, who to increase his own flesh, eats the flesh of other creatures.

JN: Hardly any mercy is left in the minds of those who build their bodies with the flesh of other beings.

252. рокொро░ுро│ாроЯ்роЪி рокோро▒்ро▒ாродாро░்роХ்роХு роЗро▓்ро▓ை роЕро░ுро│ாроЯ்роЪி
роЖроЩ்роХிро▓்ро▓ை роКрой்родிрой் рокро╡ро░்роХ்роХு.
DL: As those possess no property who do not take care of it, so those possess no kindness who feed on flesh.
 
JN: Wealth helps not those who do not patronize it; mercy is missed by those who eat flesh meat.

253. рокроЯைроХொрог்роЯாро░் роиெроЮ்роЪроо்рокோро▓் роирой்ройூроХ்роХாродு роТрой்ро▒рой்
роЙроЯро▓்роЪுро╡ை роЙрог்роЯாро░் рооройроо்.
DL: Like the (murderous)  mind of of him who carries a weapon (in his hand), the mind of him who feasts with pleasure on the body of another (creature) has no regard for goodness.
JN: Who take pleasure in killing to eat, have a mind of steel impervious to mercy on the prey.

254. роЕро░ுро│ро▓்ро▓родு ропாродெройிро▓் роХொро▓்ро▓ாрооை роХோро▒ро▓்
рокொро░ுро│ро▓்ро▓родு роЕро╡்ро╡ூрой் родிройро▓்.
DL: If be asked what is kindness and what is its opposite, the answer would be preservation and destruction of life; and therefore it is not right to feed on the flesh (obtained by taking away life).

JN: Mercy demands not to kill; butchering is cruel, and eating flesh meat is insensuous.

255. роЙрог்рогாрооை роЙро│்ро│родு роЙропிро░்роиிро▓ை роКройுрог்рог
роЕрог்рогாрод்родро▓் роЪெроп்ропாродு роЕро│ро▒ு.


DL: Not to eat flesh contributes to the continuance of life; therefore if a man eats flesh; hell will not open its mouth (to let him escape out, after he has once fallen in.

JN: Abstaining from meat is a way of saving lives; meateaters hardly get off from mental morbidity. 

256. родிройро▒்рокொро░ுроЯ்роЯாро▓் роХொро▓்ро▓ாродு роЙро▓роХெройிрой் ропாро░ுроо்
ро╡ிро▓ைрок்рокொро░ுроЯ்роЯாро▓் роКрой்родро░ுро╡ாро░் роЗро▓்.

DL: If the world does not destroy life for the purpose of eating, then n one would sell flesh for the sake of money.

JN: If humanity abjures from the habit of meat eating, the ill reputed sale of it will not exist.


257. роЙрог்рогாрооை ро╡ேрог்роЯுроо் рокுро▓ாроЕро▓் рокிро▒ிродொрой்ро▒рой்
рокுрог்рогродு роЙрогро░்ро╡ாро░்рок் рокெро▒ிрой்.


DL: Since the wise consider flesh as the (unclean) ulcer of a body, let it be eaten. 

JN: Who realises the pain and wound of killing will give up the habit of meat eating.


258. роЪெропிро░ிрой் родро▓ைрок்рокிро░ிрои்род роХாроЯ்роЪிропாро░் роЙрог்рогாро░்
роЙропிро░ிрой் родро▓ைрок்рокிро░ிрои்род роКрой்.

DL: The wise, who have freed themselves from mental delusion, will not eat the flesh which has been severed from the animal.

JN: Wisdom free from the painful mind of evil will abstain from feeding on flesh.

259. роЕро╡ிроЪொро░ிрои் родாропிро░роо் ро╡ேроЯ்роЯро▓ிрой் роТрой்ро▒рой்
роЙропிро░்роЪெроХுрод் родுрог்рогாрооை роирой்ро▒ு.


DL: Not to kill and eat (the flesh of) an animal, is better than the pouring forth of ghee, etc., in a thousand sacrifices. 

JN: Abstaining from meat eating is good even in hospitality with a rich fare of food in ghee. 

260. роХொро▓்ро▓ாрой் рокுро▓ாро▓ை рооро▒ுрод்родாройைроХ் роХைроХூрок்рокி
роОро▓்ро▓ா роЙропிро░ுрои் родொро┤ுроо்

DL: All creatures will join their hands together, and worship him who has never taken life, nor eaten flesh.

JN: All life on earth will bow in gratefulness to those who abstain from killing and meat eating.

Saturday, 27 April 2019

Zha in Tamil

One of the defining characteristics of Tamil is its 30th letter, zha/с╕║a (ро┤) and has been in use at least since 3rd century BCE. The letter finds its place in Malayalam also. Many Tamils like me are quite possessive and proud about zha and find the correct pronunciation of zha as the hallmark of one learnt in Tamil. Recently, I had a shocking conversation with a Malayali colleague working in Chennai. 

Colleague: Do you know there is a letter zha in Malayalam that is not there in Tamil? 
Me: (quite shocked after hearing this) What? Zha is there even in Tamil. In fact, we Tamilians are very proud about it.
Colleague: Aah that cannot be correct! No Tamilian I know can pronounce zha. They all say valapalam (banana) and cannot pronounce zha.
Me: It is shameful that most of us Tamilians are not able to pronounce zha although we consider it to be the USP of Tamil.

My colleague's observation, although shocking, was true. For all the chest beating by us Tamilians about our Tamil heritage and protecting our culture, most of us  cannot even pronounce an important letter in our mother tongue, which Ashokamitran says is "one of the glories of Tamil language." [Ashokamitran, Tamil Scene: Good Work Continues, Indian Literature, Vol. 32, No. 6 (134) (November-December, 1989), pp. 189-195].

Two things should be done:
  1.  No Tamil teacher should be recruited who cannot pronounce zha.
  2. People should not accept any politician who cannot say zha. 

Friday, 19 April 2019

Naanmarai and Mundhunool in Tolkappiyam's Prolegomenon

Tolkappiyam is an ancient Tamil work on Grammar. This very short post discusses certain interesting facts/ debates relating to Tolkappiyam's prolegomenon. Tolkappiyam's payiram or prolegomenon was penned by Panampaaranar, who is regarded as a contemporary of Tolkappiyar, the unknown and mysterious author of the great work. 

The history of Tamil literature and various constructions provided to the text, like in any age, are tainted by the commentator's ideologies. This is well-accepted and is no big deal. Only rigorous and scientific methods of research can alleviate ideological biases. To the extent possible, this blogger will present facts sans ideological biases.

Some interesting debates on the words naanmarai and mundhunool in the prolegomenon are listed below:
  • Tolkappiyam's prolegomenon was written by Panampaaranar, a contemprary of Tolkappiyar.
  • The prolegomenon casts some light on Tolkappiyam and how it came to be.
  • The prolegomenon refers to mundhunool kandu and naanmarai. Mundhunool apparently refers to Vedas and so does naanmarai, marai refers to vedas and the prefix naan refers to the number four (four vedas). 
  • There is also another construction offered to these phrases. Mundhu nool refers to previous works and this phrase is juxtaposed with muraippada enni (meaning, well-thought as per norms) supporting the construction that the Tolkappiyam was a work with great insight and was written as per the established norms of research, including researching on prior work/ authorities. Prolegomenons in Tamil literature do generally state that the author has referred to the mundhunool. So mundhunool may not really refer to the vedas. There are close to about 240 references in Tolkappiyam to earlier authorities [Dr. V. Murugan, Tolkappiyam in English ix (2000)] supporting the inference that mundhunool refers to prior work/ authorities and not vedas.  
  • However, naanmarai is a different story altogether. Naanmarai has been consistently translated to have referred to the four vedas [Dr. V. Murugan, Tolkappiyam in English xxiii (2000)]. Another construction has been afforded to Naanmarai: as aram (virtue), porul (material wealth), inbam (pursuit of happiness and pleasure), and veedu (salvation) but why this construction is given instead of the standard "four vedas" is anybody's guess.
More on this in another post.  

Thursday, 7 March 2019

Short Story: How Ashwini Got Her 80 Marks

Let me tell you a story:

Ashwini was a topper in her law college. She was studying for her final year exams. The next paper was the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (CrPC), one of the toughest papers in the law curriculum. Ashwini had the habit of taking a few minutes break during exam days to meet her friends Gayathri and Nandhini. So, a day before the CrPC exam, she visited her friends who were staying in the same hostel.

Nandhini's roommate, Kumari rushed into the room with a piece of paper. She whispered: "I got a list of important questions from our college lecturer. who says the question paper will have a lot of questions from this list."

Kumari then turned to Ashwini and said: "This is your chance. Take this and get your university rank." Ashwini flatly refused and said to a stunned Kumari: "If I get good marks, let them be through my own efforts. If I take this list, I will be doing a great disservice to my classmates who are competing with me for the top honour." Gayathri said: "I too don't want the questions." Silence engulfed the room.

A bewildered Kumari asked to everyone: "Have I done anything wrong? Did I say something bad?" Ashwini reassured her: "Don't worry about it. This is just a personal choice. All the best for the exam."

Ashwini eventually went on to top the University rankings in the exam and got the gold medal too. Ashwini's score in the Cr.PC paper was 80%. Gayathri too scored good marks in the exam. Both are now successful lawyers.

Wednesday, 22 June 2016

Blogging as Empowerment: The Case of Mrishtanna

Inspiration comes in all shapes and sizes. We get inspired by our freedom fighters who sacrificed their lives for our freedom; we are inspired by our baby who tries her utmost to walk despite falling several times. The baseline in all these inspirational stories is that the inspirer chooses to live life on her terms. Mrishtanna is a case on point.

The author of the blog shifted to the US after getting married, like several thousand Indian women who get married to a US groom and become homemakers. But the owner of Mrishtanna chose to tread a different path. She started a blog/ website about food called Mrishtanna. Mrishtanna is not simply a blog about food. There are zillions of those in the internet. The mission of Mrishtanna is to make those "sumptuous" but not-so-popular Indian dishes known to everyone. One needs to read the comments to each of the posts to know how popular the blog is not just with Indians. The blog has an international fan following! 

The author of the blog, Ms. Uma, was a junior in college. She is a great example of what one could do despite spending most of the day at home. She is truly an inspiration to many. Below is a brief interview I did of Uma's Mrishtanna journey.
Gulab Jamum- From Mrishtanna

Badri (B): First tell, me, what was the trigger behind beginning this blog?

Uma (U): It actually started as a hobby of writing down the procedures of all the recipes in a notebook. Gradually, I started to realize the varieties in South Canara cuisine that not many Indian cuisines offer. So I thought sharing my passion for food through a blog would be a good way to spread the hidden joys of cooking.

B: What is Mrishtanna about?

U:“Mrishtanna” means “Sumptuous ” in Sanskrit and I intend to show how you can learn the elements of a sumptuous meal one dish at a time. More importantly, I want to show recipes that not many people know about.

B: I understand that the recipes are predominantly South Canara (Mangalore & Udupi Districts) based dishes. Are you planning on extending it to other cuisines?

U: Definitely! I have always been inclined to try recipes that either are easy to prepare or are very healthy vegetarians recipes. As I continue to cover the south canara recipes that I know, I will expand into other cuisine like Kerala or Tamil Nadu.

B:What is special about South Canara cuisine?

U: South Canara cuisine presents lot of varieties or options for each vegetable. There are a few key ingredients that are not very common to other indian cuisine, like Jaggery, coconut, etc. There are usually two or three ways to prepare a curry with every vegetable.

B: How did you learn these dishes?

Most dishes I have posted in my blog are ones that I learned from my mother and mother-in-law. They are both great cooks in their own way and I have tried to mimic their magic as much as possible.

B: Before posting a blog, do you simply reproduce the recipe you know or you do some research on it?

U: I pick and choose the recipes that I think are not very common. I do some research on the key ingredients that make them healthy and special, before posting a recipe. The one thing that is common in all my recipes is the originality that I maintain.

B: Before posting the recipe you obviously try making it isn't it?

U: Absolutely! I make sure that the procedure and quantities that I call out in the recipe are accurate.

B: The photos you post along with the recipes look extraordinarily delicious. Do you take the snaps yourself or do you source the photos from the internet?

U: All the photos you will find are from my kitchen. I am no expert in photography, but I try to present them in good light to help the reader understand the details and texture that I try to achieve. You will be surprised what you can do with a simple phone camera.

B: Do you use any special camera to take these snaps? Did you take formal photography lessons for this?

U: I use the camera in my smart phone thus far with a few exceptions when I used a full-body point and shoot camera. I have not taken special photography classes but I try and enhance just the important details in all photos.

B: What is the support you get from your family?

U: My family has supported me immensely! My husband and brother-in-law help me in maintaining the blog as well as sharing my recipes with their friends. 
Cucumber Dosa from Mrishtanna

B: Have you monetized the blog? What is the kind of income/ revenue you get by monetizing it?

U; My first priority has been to create quality recipes that I can share with friends. I am also trying to monetize the site by recommending the right product to buy through Amazon store. I also run a few google ads, but as of now, the site does not generate any mentionable revenue and it is not my highest priority either.

B: How difficult is it to monetize? How is the money paid to you?

U: Monetizing with a blog is fairly common these days. Half the battle is won when the content provides real, actionable value to readers. So I focus my efforts on bringing value for the time being.

B: Do you take special efforts to share your blog posts with a wider audience, such as, say, through twitter/ linkedin/ facebook, etc.? 

U: Yes I do. Apart from my friends and family, I am also a member of local community groups and social media groups in Facebook and Twitter. I have a growing audience in San Diego as well as parts of South India.

B: How do you balance blogging and managing the family? 

U: I try and keep a consistent timetable with my recipes. I try to post at least two recipes every week. It was a little difficult at first, but as I continue to blog, I got be lot more efficient at the process. 

B: What would be the tips you give to homemakers like yourself who want to start a food blog? 

U: Start early and start small. Find your niche and be sure to research on how you can make your content unique to your reader. Although the blogging tasks seem overwhelming at first, they will become second nature as you continue to blog.

And that, readers, is all about Mrishtanna! Happy reading, happy cooking and happy and healthy eating!